Varicose Veins 101

Veins that are enlarged and twisted, called varicose veins, usually appear just beneath the skin. This is most common in the legs, as standing and walking increases pressure in the veins of the lower body but can occur anywhere.

While they may seem like a cosmetic concern to some, varicose veins can lead to more serious complications if left untreated, such as blood clots, poor circulation and discomfort.

What Causes Varicose Veins?

Varicose veins develop when blood pressure in your veins increases, which causes your veins to become larger because of weakened vein walls. As your veins stretch, the valves that keep blood moving in one direction in your veins can no longer work as well as they should. Sluggish blood then pools in your veins, causing them to swell, bulge and twist.

What are the Symptoms?

Not everyone will experience pain with varicose veins, but symptoms can include:

• Aching or heavy feeling in the legs.
• Swelling in the legs or ankles.
• Itching or skin irritation around the veins.
• Cramping or restless legs.
• Skin discoloration.

What are my Treatment Options?

If you are experiencing symptoms of varicose veins, simple lifestyle changes—including exercise, elevating your legs and wearing compression stockings—can help ease the pain.

Other treatment options may include:

• Endovascular venous ablation. The diseased vein is scarred and closed off using heat generated from laser or radiofrequency energy.
• Sclerotherapy. A chemical agent is injected into your veins to cause them to scar and close.
• Vein surgery. The affected vein is tied off or, in some cases, removed. The removal of varicose veins using tiny incisions in the skin is called phlebectomy.

The vascular surgery team at the Faith Regional CardioVascular Institute provides you with comprehensive management of vascular diseases and conditions.